高等教育如何推动成渝地区双城经济圈发展——高等教育集群建设的基础、目标与路径

How the Higher Education Promotes Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle’s Development:The Foundation,Goal and Path of Higher Education Cluster Construction

作为国家战略的成渝地区双城经济圈建设正处于整体部署和顶层规划阶段。随着高等教育对区域经济发展的促进作用日益凸显,希冀从高等教育的角度思考成渝地区双城经济圈建设。从新经济地理学的角度,引入“中心-外围”(CP)模型理论并加以运用,分析了产业、人才、教育和城市四者互动的区域创新一体化,提出以高等教育集群建设推动成渝地区双城经济圈发展。基于这一思考,系统梳理成渝地区区位、产业经济、人口发展和高教资源现状,为高等教育集群建设提供现实性基础。围绕区域创新一体化发展目标,依循对产业、人才、教育和城市4个链条式子目标的“正向”问题逻辑进行逐一分解,通过借鉴国内相关区域一体化经验,明确4个子目标在一体化发展中的突破口:产业一体化重在分工互补,人才一体化重在开放流动,教育一体化重在互认共享,城市一体化重在创新集聚。根据高等教育对经济发展的反作用,从高等教育集群这一“逆向”思路出发,提出推动成渝地区双城经济圈建设的方法与路径:一是以创新性、中心性和协同性的集群式思维为建设方法,这是建设之根本。二是以集群式操作为建设路径:优化高等教育结构,对接引领产业体系;探索群地结对联动,促进要素因地流动;设立成渝高教新区,推动教育互认共享;联结双城集群网络,发展双核共驱创新。

As a national strategy,the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities Economic Circle is in the stage of overall deployment and top-level planning.With the increasingly prominent role of higher education in promoting the regional economic development,it is hoped to understand the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities Economic Circle from the perspective of higher education.From the perspective of new economic geography,the“central-peripheral”(CP)model theory was introduced and applied locally.The regional innovation integration of industry,talent,education,and urban interaction was analyzed.The construction of higher education clusters is proposed to promote the development of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle.Based on the thinking,the system has clarified the regional location,industrial economy,population development,and higher education resource status in the Chengdu-Chongqing region,providing a realistic basis for the construction of higher education clusters.Focusing on the development goals of regional innovation integration,the“forward”problem logic of the four chain-type sub-objectives of industry,talents,education,and cities is decomposed one by one.By referring to the experiences of regional integration in China,the breakthrough of four sub-goals in the integration development is clarified.That is,the industrial integration focuses on the division of labor and complementarity;the talent integration focuses on the open flow;the education integration focuses on the mutual recognition and sharing;the urban integration focuses on the innovation and agglomeration.Based on the recognition that higher education has an adverse effect on the economic development,starting from the“reverse”thinking of higher education clusters,the method and path to promote the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities Economic Circle are proposed:one is to use innovative,central and collaborative cluster thinking as its construction method,which is the foundation of construction;the second is the cluster construction as its construction path:optimizing the structure of higher education and connecting and leading the industrial system,exploring the linkage between clusters and land,promoting the local flow of factors,setting up the Chengdu-Chongqing higher education new district to promote mutual recognition and sharing of education,connecting the twin cities cluster network to develop dual-core innovation together.