新冠肺炎疫情期间我国网民焦虑状况及其影响因素分析

Analysis on Anxiety Status of Chinese Netizens under the Outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)and Its Influencing Factors

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情爆发初期,我国网民的焦虑情况及其影响因素。方法本研究为横断面研究,于2019年1月28日至2月4日期间,在问卷星平台针对我国网民采用滚雪球抽样进行网络问卷调查,内容包括一般资料和GAD-7广泛焦虑障碍量表。采用SPSS 24.0的统计学软件,进行单因素分析,Pearson相关检验和多元线性回归分析,确定焦虑情况影响因素。结果有效收集3111份网络问卷,其中焦虑人数1210人,占总人数38.89%,GAD-7评分均值为9.04±4.231。GAD-7量表得分在婚姻状况、信息不实程度等方面有统计学差异(P <0.05),在学历程度、身体状况、疫情关注频率、信息负面程度等方面有显著差异(P <0.01),在性别、年龄、工作所在地等方面无统计学差异。Pearson相关性检验和多元线性回归证明,学历程度与GAD-7量表得分成负相关(b=-0.795),疫情关注度、信息负面程度、身体状况、信息不实程度、婚姻状况都与GAD-7量表得分成正相关。(b=0.733,0.554,0.414,0.362,0.450,P <0.05)结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情早期,大部分人群存在轻度焦虑情绪。学历程度、婚姻状况、身体状况、疫情关注频率、信息负面程度、信息不实程度是其影响因素。

Objective To investigate anxiety status of Chinese netizens about the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19)and its related influencing factors.Methods From January 28,2019 to February 4,2020,our cross-sectional study based on web was conducted on the WenJuanXing platform.Invited Chinese netizens volunteered to fill in general information and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Questionnaire(GAD-7).SPSS 24.0 statistical software was used for single-factor analysis,Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the influencing factors of anxiety.Results 3111 questionnaires were collected online effectively,among which 1210 had scores of higher than 4 points in GAD-7 scale,showing 1210 respondents were anxious,accounting for 38.89%of the total.Among the anxiety group,their average GAD-7 scores were 9.04±4.231,showing a mild level of anxiety.The scores of GAD-7 scale showed statistical differences in marital status and degree of misinformation(P<0.05),and significant differences in the level of education,physical status,frequency of epidemic concern and degree of negative information(P<0.01).There were no statistical differences in gender,age or work location.Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression proved that the education level was negatively correlated with GAD-7 scores(b=-0.795),while epidemic concern,negative information,physical status,false information and marital status were positively correlated with GAD-7 scores.(b=0.733,0.554,0.414,0.362,0.450,P<0.05).Conclusion During the outbreak of the COVID-19,most people have anxiety.Education,marital status,physical status,attention frequency of the epidemic,degree of negative information and degree of misinformation were the influencing factors.