闽西苏区信用合作社历史考察

A Historical Researchon Credit Cooperative in Soviet Area in West Fujian

闽西苏区时期,针对民间高利贷的残酷盘剥,中国共产党把"废除高利贷与分田"作为在闽西组织、发动群众,开展土地革命的最有力口号。土地革命初期,高利贷虽然被逐步废除,农民生产生活需要资金却借贷无门,急需建立新的金融体系。为此,闽西苏区党和政府首创了信用合作社这一群众性经济互助组织,民主管理,募股集资,筹措资金,发行纸币股票,低利贷款支持生产,在稳定金融秩序的同时,也成功催生了中共最早的商业银行闽西工农银行,开创了党在革命战争年代民主建政的红色金融事业光辉实践,成为"共和国农信摇篮",影响极其深远。

In the Soviet Area of West Fujian the Communist Party of China,in view of the cruel exploitation of folk usury,took“abolishing usury and dividing land”as the most powerful slogan to organize and mobilize the masses to carry out the agrarian revolution in West Fujian.In the early days of the agrarian revolution,although usury was gradually abolished,the peasants needed money for production and living,but there was no way to borrow money,so it was urgent to establish a new financial system.For this reason,the Party and government of the Soviet Area in West Fujian initiated the credit cooperative,a mass economic mutual aid organization under democratic management,in fund-raising and issuing banknotes and stocks with low interest loans to support production.While stabilizing the financial order,it also successfully brought about the earliest Commercial Bank of the Communist Party of China:Minxi Industrial and Agricultural Bank of Fujian,and created the Red financial affairs of democratic construction of the Party in the revolutionary war time.The brilliant practice of industry has cast profound influence in and become the cradle of agricultural credit of the People’s Republic.