近代东欧捷克体操的历史演进、流布与影响

The History Evolution,Dissemination and Influence of Modern Eastern European Czech Gymnastics

东欧捷克体操作为近代欧洲大陆体操运动的重要组成部分,是继以德国为代表的西欧派体操,以瑞典、丹麦为代表的北欧派体操后,在世界范围内具有广泛影响和突出代表性的体操体系。近代东欧捷克体操的产生与演进有其独特的历史传统和人文社会生态环境。具体表现在器物和思想特征上,近代捷克体操不仅兼具近代欧洲体操的民族主义共性,也有着共性衍生下的个性。捷克体操通过在理论、形式和组织上的完善在19世纪末趋于成熟。捷克体操在中、美、俄等国的传播和流布中扩大了其影响力和知名度,反映出以体操为手段促进人的发展的理念正逐渐被各国所重视,并在实践中所运用。捷克体操的产生与发展是近代欧洲体操体系发展完善的重要标志,一定程度上延续了近代欧洲体操的影响力和生命力。

As an important part of modern European gymnastics,Czech gymnastics is a gymnastics system with extensive influence and outstanding representation in the world after the Western European gymnastics represented by Germany and the Nordic gymnastics represented by Sweden and Denmark.The emergence and evolution of modern Czech gymnastics has its unique historical tradition and humanistic social ecological environment.In terms of artifacts and ideological characteristics,Modern Czech gymnastics not only has the nationalist commonality but also its the personality.The Modern Czech gymnastics gradually matured in theory,form and organization at the end of the 19 th century.The spread of Czech gymnastics in China,USA,Russia and other countries has expanded its influ ence and popularity.The use of gymnastics as a mean to promote human development is gradually being valued and applied by all countries.The emergence and development of Czech gymnastics is an important symbol of the development of the modern European gymnastics system.To a certain extent,it continues the influence and vitality of modern European gymnastics.