食品工程仿生学及其研究框架

Establishment of Food Engineering Bionics and Its Disciplinary Framework

动物和某些植物的生命活动与食品加工在过程和目标等方面有着很多的相似之处,被愈来愈多的学者开始应用于食品加工技术的改进。"食品工程仿生学"的提出,就是为了更系统、更有目的地研究生命活动,模拟生命过程,创造新方法,克服食品工业面临的技术难题。食品工程仿生学具有两个基本特征:(1)生命活动的食品加工观,意味着需要从食品加工的角度重新研究和认识生命活动;(2)食品加工的生命活动化,意味着需要从生命活动中获取灵感,重新思考食品加工的技术路径。未来拟开展的主要研究内容包括:模拟口腔加工、食物消化、养分吸收、感官评判、肝脏解毒等生命活动,神经元、运动机构、生物材料等生命系统构成,开展食品预加工、分解、分离、品质评价、有害物降解等关键技术的仿生设计,以及智能控制、食品机械、食品机械材料等硬件系统的仿生设计。通过食品工程仿生学的学科体系建设,引领相关的基础理论研究,支撑关键技术的突破,推进食品产业的快速健康发展。

The life activities of animals and certain plants have much in common with processes and goals of food processing,which has been applied to the improvement of food processing technology by more and more scholars.The proposal of Food Engineering Bionics is to study life activities,simulate life process and create new methods in a more systematic and purposeful way,and overcome the technical problems faced by the food industry.The two basic characteristics of Food Engineering Bionics as follow:(1)the life activities need to be restudied and reunderstood from the perspective of food processing,and(2)the technical path of food processing need to be reconsidered based on inspiration from life activities.The main research contents to be carried out in the future include:Simulate life activities such as oral cavity processing,food digestion,nutrient absorption,sensory evaluation,liver detoxification,etc.,and the composition of life systems such as neurons,motion mechanisms,biological materials,etc.,carry out bionic design of key technologies such as food pre-processing,decomposition,separation,quality evaluation,harmful substance degradation,etc.,and bionic design of hardware systems such as intelligent control,food machinery,food machinery materials,etc.Through the discipline construction of food engineering bionics,it will lead relevant basic theoretical research,support breakthroughs in key technologies and promote the rapid and healthy development of the food industry.