核桃岩沟南区煤矸石堆场生态修复实践

Practice of ecological restoration of coal gangue pile in south area of Hetaoyan Gully

煤矸石是我国排放量最大的工业固体废弃物,也是煤矿区环境整治的一大难题。以阳泉市南庄矿核桃岩沟南区煤矸石堆场生态修复实践为例,介绍了煤矸石堆场整形整地技术要点:整理后的地形坡度为28°左右,平台覆土厚度50~100 cm,施工中机械自然碾压;边坡覆土厚度30~50 cm,实施分层覆土并人工压实,土壤密度底层1.60~1.80 g/cm^3、表层1.25~1.35 g/cm^3。同时介绍了项目区生态修复适宜物种的选择、植被群落配置及其栽植技术要点。项目实施后,绿化效果明显(干旱春季植被覆盖率约70%)。煤矸石堆场生态修复实践可为同类项目尤其是气候干旱地区的矿场绿化提供经验及参考。

Coal gangue is the industrial solid waste with the largest emission in China,and it is also a big problem in the environmental remediation of coal mine area.Taking the practice of ecological restoration of coal gangue pile in the south area of Hetaoyan Gully,Nanzhuang Mine,Yangquan City as an example,this paper introduced the key points of shaping and land preparation technology of coal gangue pile:after finishing,the terrain slope is about 28°,the thickness of platform covering soil is about 50~100 cm,and the machinery is used for natural rolling during construction;the slope covering soil is about 30~50 cm,layered covering soil and manual compaction are carried out,and the soil bulk density is 1.60~1.80 g/cm^3 for the bottom layer and 1.25~1.35 g/cm^3 for the surface layer.At the same time,the selection of suitable species for ecological restoration,vegetation community configuration and key points of planting technology was introduced.After the implementation of the project,the greening effect is obvious(the vegetation coverage rate is about 70%in dry spring).This practice can provide experience and reference for similar projects,especially for mine greening in arid climate areas.