电动振动台在汽车零部件测试中的控制方法及传感器测点布置的研究

Study on Control Method and Sensor Measuring Points Arrangement of Electric Shaker for Automobile Parts Testing

振动测试是整车及零部件质量改善和疲劳寿命分析的重要测试手段之一。选择合适的振动控制方式和传感器测点对电动振动台(以下简称振动台)模拟内部和外部众多激励源的振动尤其关键。根据振动试验方案,采用多种控制方法并设定相应测点布置方案进行对比测试,结合模态对相应结果进行验证分析。研究振动台闭环控制基本原理并设计相应的电振动控制方法;在非共振和共振区域采用不同控制方法和测点进行试验,提取相关结果分析主要控制方法的测试效果;并通过数据分析比较多种控制策略和测点的差异。此研究能够为通用性的整车及零部件振动试验提供参考。

Vibration testing is one of the important testing methods for improving the quality of vehicles and parts and analyzing fatigue life.Choosing appropriate vibration control method and sensor measurement point is especially critical for the electric vibration table to simulate the vibration of many internal and external excitation sources.According to the vibration test plan,a variety of main control methods of the shaking table and the corresponding measurement point layout plans were set for comparative testing,and the corresponding results were verified and analyzed in combination with the modalities.First,the basic principles of closed-loop control of the shaker were studied and corresponding electric vibration control methods were designed;then,different control methods and test points were used in the non-resonant and resonant areas to test,the relevant results were extracted to analyze the test effect of the main control methods;finally,the differences among various control strategies and measuring points were compared through data analysis.The research provides reference for the general vehicle and component vibration tests.