欧盟数字身份进展情况研究

Research on the Development of Digital Identity in EU

为打破数字身份碎片化的局面,破除公民和企业使用其国家的数字身份跨境访问在线服务的障碍,推动形成欧盟数字单一市场,欧盟在法律层面推出了eIDAS条例,明确数字身份各方责任,统一数字身份保证水平标准,强制要求实现各成员国数字身份间的互认,建设eIDAS网络国家节点等互联互通基础设施,通过资金支持等手段积极引导数字身份相关的创新实践,加强国家和社会各界的合作,取得了较好的效果.同时,欧盟出台数字身份保证水平等规范并上升到法律性要求.欧盟通过投资立项一系列数字身份研究和基础设施项目,推动了数字身份间的实际互认,降低了相关经济社会成本,有力支撑了当地数字经济的发展,其经验和做法值得借鉴.重点对欧盟在数字身份管理方面所做的一些工作进行了研究,希望能够对我国数字身份治理有所借鉴,以供大家参考.

In order to break the fragmentation of digital identity,remove the barriers for citizens and enterprises to use their national digital identity for cross-border access to online services,and promote the formation of a single digital market in the EU,the EU has introduced eIDAS regulations at the legal level to clarify the responsibilities of all parties in digital identity,unify the standards of digital identity assurance level,and enforce mutual recognition among digital identities of Member States,and build the interconnection infrastructure of eIDas network,such as national nodes,actively guides the innovation practice related to digital identity through financial support and other means,strengthens the cooperation between the state and all sectors of society,and achieves good results.At the same time,the EU has introduced norms such as the level of digital identity assurance and raised them to legal requirements.By investing in a series of digital identity research and infrastructure projects,the EU has promoted the actual mutual recognition of digital identities,reduced the relevant economic and social costs,and strongly supported the development of the local digital economy.Its experience and practice are worth learning.This paper focuses on the EU's work in the field of digital identity management,hoping to provide some reference for China's digital identity governance.