英国反极端主义的策略、挑战及趋势

On the UK Counter-extremism:Strategies,Challenges and Trends

随着本土恐怖主义威胁不断上升,英国政府越来越重视反极端主义工作,通过一系列立法和行政授权确认了全体公民、社会组织、政府部门的预防义务,并以管控极端主义言论和行为为重点从源头预防恐怖主义。反对者认为,英国反极端主义策略是以国家为中心、以安全为导向设计的,许多措施因政府反恐行政权力过大而无意识地侵犯了公民的言论自由和不受歧视的权利。总体而言,英国反极端主义策略利大于弊;在趋势上,英国将会把反仇恨极端主义作为其今后工作的重点,并从信息公开和网络技术方面进一步优化反极端主义策略。

With the increasing threat of terrorism,the UK Government strengthens the counter-extremism work.Through a series of legislation and administrative authorization,all citizens,social organizations and government departments should undertake the obligation of preventing extremist speech and behavior,most of which will probably lead to terrorism.The opponents believe that the UK counter-extremism strategies are designed regarding the country as the center and the security as the guide.The implementation measures,due to the excessive anti-terrorism administrative power of the government,unconsciously and excessively violate the citizens'freedom of speech and non-discrimination rights.This paper holds that the advantages of the UK counter-extremism strategies outweigh the disadvantages,and predicts that the UK will focus on counter hate extremism in the future,and further optimize the counter-extremism strategies from the aspects of information transparency and network technology.