合肥市医学院校大学生口腔健康知识、态度、行为现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the status quo and influencing factors of oral health knowledge,attitude and behavior among medical college students in Hefei city

目的:了解合肥市医学院校大学生口腔健康知识、态度、行为现状及其影响因素。方法:自行设计调查问卷,随机整群抽取合肥市3所医学院校801名大学生进行问卷调查。结果:口腔健康知识总知晓率为66.09%,口腔保健积极态度总持有率为70.37%,口腔卫生行为总形成率为44.25%。女生的知识、态度、行为得分高于男生、城镇学生高于农村学生(P<0.01);知识、态度、行为得分并没有随年级增高而增加,但差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);口腔医学专业学生高于其他专业学生(P<0.05~P<0.01);口腔健康知识、态度、行为之间均呈正相关(P<0.01)。性别、家庭居住地、年级、专业、自评口腔健康状态是知识的影响因素(P<0.05~P<0.01);性别、家庭居住地、年级、自评口腔健康状态及是否接受过口腔健康教育是态度的影响因素(P<0.05~P<0.01);性别、家庭居住地、专业、自评口腔健康状态是行为的影响因素(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:合肥市医学院校大学生口腔健康知识、态度尚可、口腔卫生行为较差,亟需加强口腔健康教育工作,提升医学院校大学生的口腔健康素养水平。

Objective:To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of oral health knowledge,attitude and behavior among medical college students in Hefei city.Methods:A total of 801 students from 3 medical colleges and universities in Hefei city were selected using cluster random sampling method,and investigated using a self-designed questionnaire.Results:The total awareness rate of oral health knowledge was 66.09%,the total positive attitude rate of oral health was 70.37%,and the total formation rate of oral health behavior was 44.25%.The oral health scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior in female students were higher than those in male students(P<0.01),and the oral health scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior in urban students were higher than those in rural students(P<0.01).The oral health scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior did not increase with the increasing of grades,but the difference of which was statistically significant(P<0.01).The knowledge,attitude and behavior of oral health among students were positively correlated to each other(P<0.01).The oral health scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior in students majoring in stomatology were higher than those in other major students(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that gender,place of origin,grade,profession and self-assessment were the main influencing factors of oral health knowledge,the gender,place of origin,grade,self-assessment of oral health status and oral health education were the influencing factors of the oral health attitude,and the gender,place of origin,profession and self-assessment of oral health status were the influencing factors of oral health behavior(P<0.05 to P<0.01).Conclusions:The knowledge and attitude of oral health among medical college and university students in Hefei city are at a medium level,but the behavior of oral health is at a low level.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen oral health education work to improve the oral health literacy level of the students in colleges and universities.