从字义辨析看“教”和“育”的五育意蕴

On the Five Educational Implications of“Jiao”and“Yu”from the Differentiation and Analysis of the Meaning of Words

距今三千多年的甲骨文中就有“教”和“育”二字。从甲骨文的造字原意,到《说文解字》等字典的解释,“教”字更多蕴含着“德和智”的教育思想,“育”字更多蕴含着“体和劳”的教育思想,将“教”和“育”联合起来,也即将“德智体劳”四者辩证统一起来,也就构成了“美育”的全部内涵。因此,从说文解字的角度看,“教育”一词本身就包涵“德智体美劳”五育并举育人思想。

Three thousand years ago,the oracle bone inscriptions contain the words“Jiao”and“Yu”.From the original meaning of the inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells to the explanations of dictionaries such as the Shuowen Jiezi,it is found that the character“Jiao”contains more thoughts of moral education,and the character“Yu”contains more thoughts of physical education.The combination of moral education and physical education is the dialectical unity of moral,intellectual,physical and labor education,which constitutes the whole connotation of aesthetic education.Therefore,from the point of view of interpretation of characters,the word“education”itself contains the idea of combining moral,intellectual,physical,aesthetic and labor education.