钙与心脑血管疾病的关系及其作用机制

Relationship between calcium and cardio-cerebral vascular disease and their pathogenesis

钙是人体必需的矿物质元素,在人体健康中起着重要作用。早期研究提示补钙可能对心脑血管系统有保护作用,但近期有文献表明补钙可能增加心脑血管疾病风险,确切机制不清楚。高钙可能通过上调肾素—血管紧张素—醛固酮系统、抗血小板聚集、促进血管钙化、改善脂质代谢、控制血糖等多种机制影响心脑血管系统。大多数研究表明,血钙水平和高血压及脑卒中的发生风险呈负相关,而和冠心病发生风险呈正相关。本文着重对钙和心脑血管疾病关系、作用机制进行阐述,为合理补钙提供依据。

Calcium is an essential mineral element in human body and plays important roles in human health.Early studies suggest that calcium supplementation may have a protective effect on cardio-cerebral vascular disease,but recently,some studies indicate that calcium supplementation may increase the risk of cardio-cerebral vascular disease,and the exact mechanism is unclear.High calcium may affect cardio-cerebral vascular disease by upregulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,anti-platelet aggregation,promoting vascular calcification,improving lipid metabolism,and controlling blood sugar.Most studies have shown that serum calcium levels are negatively correlated with the risk of hypertension and stroke,but positively correlated with the risk of coronary heart disease.This article focuses on the relationship between calcium and cardio-cerebral vascular disease,the mechanism,to provide a basis for reasonable calcium supplementation.