王阳明危机管理策略简论——以“投江游海”事件为例

Brief Comment On Wang Yangming s Crisis Management Strategy——Based on the case of“Touring the River and Sea”Incident

王阳明一生经历多次事关朝政安危和个人生死的重大危机,但每次都能以过人的智慧和勇气渡过难关,转危为安,这其中他所独具的危机管理策略及对策略的娴熟运用,是他能够扭转不利形势、化险为夷乃至取得胜绩的重要原因。王阳明在遭遇人生第一次仕途险境乃至生死危机——上疏救言官而忤逆权宦刘瑾,被下狱廷杖、毙而复生、谪龙场驿时,为缓解危机的蔓延扩大,采用了制造“投江游海”的传奇故事——新的焦点事件——这一危机管理策略,在把握时机、转移焦点、选择传者、获取同情、掌控路径等方面均展现了此危机管理策略的高明之处,是古代成功地将危机管理策略应用于政治危机处置的一个经典案例,极富跨时空的启发意义。

Wang Yangming has experienced many major crises related to the security of the dynasty and his life,but every time he can overcome them with wisdom and courage and turn them around,which is mainly attributed to his unique crisis management strategies and his skillful application,which enables him to reverse adverse situations,turn dangers into safeties and even achieve success.In order to alleviate the spread and expansion of the crisis,Wang Yangming made up the legendary story of“Touring the River and Sea”,creating a new highlight,to manage the life-to-earth crisis in his political life,when he was rescued from the rebellion against Liu Jin(a powerful eunuch).This crisis management strategy—grasping the opportunity,shifting the focus,choosing the transmitter,obtaining sympathy,controlling the path,is a classic case of successful application of crisis management strategy to political crisis management in ancient times,which is full of inspiration across time and space.