传统文化的管理学属性、范式特点及其对本土管理学之价值研究

A Research on Traditional Culture s Management Nature,Academic Paradigm,and Its Practical Values to Indigenous management

传统中国社会是否存在自己的、真正意义上的管理学是一个颇为值得研究的问题。本研究首先从管理学形成的两个必要条件入手,批驳了那些认为管理学是西方近代工业革命的产物、中国传统社会不存在真正意义上的管理学的观点,认为中国传统社会虽是农业社会,但也有着自己的管理学。因为传统儒家文化本质上就是一门管理学。在此基础上,本研究从学术范式的角度出发,进一步研究了儒家管理学相对于西方管理学所具有的特点。这些特点体现为求道、求善、重视象思维为代表的非理性思维以及独具特色的经学传统等几个方面。这样一种范式对于本土管理学来说也有着独特的意义,体现为能够为本土管理学提供一个代表管理应有之根本指向的管理目的或理想,能够帮助其解决“应该做什么”“怎么做”“知行合一”以及走出管理理论的丛林等几个方面的问题。

It is worth studying whether the traditional Chinese society has its own management in the true sense.Starting from the two necessary conditions for the formation of management science,this study refutes the views that management science is the product of western modern industrial revolution and that there is no real management science in Chinese traditional society.It holds that although Chinese traditional society is an agricultural society,it also has its own management science—traditional Confucian culture.On this basis,this research further studies the characteristics of Confucian management compared with western management from the perspective of academic paradigm.These characteristics are embodied in seeking Tao,seeking goodness,attaching importance to the irrational thinking represented by image thinking and the unique tradition of Confucian classics.Such a paradigm also has a unique significance for indigenous management,which is embodied in the management purpose and ideal that can provide a basic direction for indigenous management helps it to solve“what to do”,“how to do”,“unity of knowledge and practice”and to walk out of the jungle of management theory.