稻秸与猪粪静态好氧共堆肥的最佳配比

The best ratio of rice straw and pig manure inco-composting

为揭示稻秸与猪粪静态好氧共堆肥的最佳配比,采用室内培养法,以腐殖质组成为评价依据,对稻秸与猪粪按照7种质量比[10∶0(Rs),9∶1(Rp1),7∶3(Rp2),5∶5(Rp3),3∶7(Rp4),1∶9(Rp5)和0∶10(Pm)]混合后,于不同时间对物料进行水溶性物质、可提取腐植酸、胡敏酸、胡敏素碳含量(CWSS、CHE、CHA、CHu)以及胡敏酸碱溶液E4/E6、腐殖化系数(CHA/CFA)的动态分析。结果表明:(1)与稻秸相比,猪粪中有更高含量的CWSS和CHA,而CHu含量较低;(2)与0 d相比,90 d堆肥结束时,各处理CWSS和CHu含量均有不同程度降低,其中,Rp1处理对CWSS的消耗程度最大,Rp3处理对CHu的分解作用最强;(3)在供试处理中,仅有Rp1处理在堆肥结束时能使CHE增加13.1%,其余处理CHE均表现为消耗;(4)Rp5处理在堆肥结束时能够促进HA分子的缩合,相反,其他处理HA分子的芳构化程度均有所下降。随堆肥进行,各处理HA均表现为先降解、再缩合的规律,稻秸占堆肥总质量≥30%,经堆肥后有利于腐殖质品质的提升,而猪粪占堆肥总质量≥90%,则堆肥后腐殖质品质会有所下降。

In order to reveal the best ratio of rice straw and pig manure instatic aerobic co-composting,the indoor culture method was adopted,and the humus composition was used as the basis for evaluation.Seven mass ratios of rice straw to pig manure[10∶0(Rs),9∶1(Rp1),7∶3(Rp2),5∶5(Rp3),3∶7(Rp4),1∶9(Rp5)and 0∶10(Pm)]were designed and their C contents of water-soluble substance,humic-extractable acid,humicacid humin(CWSS,CHE,CHA and CHu),E4/E6 ratio of humic acidalkali extract and humification index(CHA/CFA)were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)Compared with rice straw,pig manure contained higher levels of CWSS and CHA,while CHu content was lower;(2)Compared with 0 d,the content of CWSS and CHu decreased at different levels at the end of compost.Among them,the Rp1 treatment had the greatest consumption of CWSS,and the Rp3 treatment had the strongest decomposition of CHu;(3)In the tested treatments,only Rp1 treatment increased CHE by 13.1%at the end of composting,and CHE of the other treatments were all consumed;(4)Rp5 treatment promoted the condensation of HA molecules at the end of composting,on the contrary,the degree of aromatization of HA molecules from the other treatments decreased.With the composting,the HA of each treatment showed the first degradation and recondensation.The rice straw accounted for≥30%of the total mass of compost,which was beneficial to the improvement of humus quality after composting,while the pig manure accounted for≥90%of the total mass of compost,the humus quality decreased after composting.