利用猪场废弃垫料制备番茄栽培基质研究

Study on tomato culture media made by waste pig bedding compost

为了实现猪场废弃垫料再利用,研究了不同比例的养殖垫料与炉渣混合制成的基质栽培番茄,根据番茄对栽培基质的特性要求,测定其基质的理化性质(pH值、电导率、容重、孔隙度),筛选合适的基质配方。结果表明,垫料经过堆肥后完全腐熟,以垫料为主的配方A且不含炉渣的处理基质A5的番茄株高、茎粗、地上部鲜质量、干质量最大,分别为23.1 cm、0.44 cm、16.38 g、1.64 g。且处理基质A5的各理化性质较适宜作为番茄的栽培基质,其容重为0.63 g·cm-3,总孔隙度为78.5%,水气比为4.06。利用炉渣、养猪废弃垫料、菌渣作为蔬菜栽培基质属于废弃物再利用,不会对环境造成二次污染,是目前较为环保的一种废弃物再利用方式,且经济效益显著。

Nowadays,animal husbandry in China develops rapidly.In order to achieve the waste pig bedding compost reuse,this experiment was conducted to investigate the possibility of mixing different ratio coal slag with the waste pig bedding compost as the culture media for tomato seedling.To meet the demands of tomato culture,the characteristics of culture media,for example,pH,conductivity,soil bulk density and porosity were measured.The results showed that compost treatments meet the standards for being harmless which had no toxic effects on crops.The characteristics of tomato seedling such as height,stem diameter,raw weight and dry weight from overground part of treatment A5 were the largest,which were 23.1 cm,0.44 cm,16.38 g,and 1.64 g,respectively.This showed that the compound substrate(pig bedding:mushroom residue=3∶1)and without adding coal slag(A5)was suitable for crop seeding.The bulk density,total porosity and water-gas ratio of this compound substrate were 0.63 g·cm-3,78.5%,and 4.06.Using coalslag,waste pig bedding compost and mushroom dreg-based compost as culture media is environmental friendly and an effective way to turn waste into wealth,without secondary pollution to environment.