某区道路清扫女工生殖健康状况调查

Investigation and analysis of reproductive health status of female street cleaners in a district

目的探讨北京市朝阳区道路清扫女工生殖健康状况及其影响因素。方法于2018年7月,对全区所有工种为道路清扫的环卫女工进行问卷调查共发放647份问卷,回收有效问卷613份,问卷有效回收率94.7%,计数资料用频数或百分比(%)表示,计量资料用±s表示。用χ2检验对生殖健康状况影响因素进行分析。结果北京市朝阳区613名道路清扫女工平均年龄(42.01±6.69)岁,其中,已婚535人(87.28%),初中及以下文化程度356人(58.08%),非京户籍292人(47.63%)女工每天工作时间>8 h 110人(17.94%),每周休息<2 d 341人(55.63%),无定期进行妇科检查144人(23.49%),曾患生殖道感染性疾病119人(19.41%),近6月月经异常177人(28.87%)。饮酒、婚外性行为、上夜班、工作满意度降低均是道路清扫女工生殖道感染性疾病患病率增加的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄增加、工作年限增加、饮酒、外地户籍、女职工权益保护满意度降低均是道路清扫女工月经异常率增加的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论北京市朝阳区道路清扫女工生殖健康状况不容乐观,建议关注道路清扫女工生殖健康问题。

Objective To explore the reproductive health status of the female street cleaners in Chaoyang district of Beijing and its influencing factors.Methods In July 2018,a total of 647 questionnaires were sent out to female road cleaning and sanitation workers in the whole district,613 of which were valid,with an effective rate of 94.7%.Frequency or percentage(%)is used for statistical description of counting data,and mean standard deviation is used for measurement data.The influencing factors were analyzed by 2 test.Results The average age of 613 female road sweepers in Chaoyang District of Beijing was 42.01(SD=6.69)years old,including 535 married female workers(87.28%),356 middle school and below educated(58.08%),292 non Beijing registered(47.63%),accounting for(/613),(/613)female workers working hours>8 hours per day 110(17.94%),weekly rest<2 days 341(55.63%).144(23.49%)women workers did not have regular gynecological examination,119(19.41%)had reproductive tract infections,177(28.87%)had abnormal menstruation in recent 6 months.Drinking,sexual behavior outside marriage,night shift and job satisfaction were all the influencing factors(P<0.05).The increasing age,working years,drinking,household registration in other places and the decreasing satisfaction of women workers'rights and interests protection were all the influencing factors(P<0.05).Conclusion The reproductive health status of female road sweepers in Chaoyang District of Beijing is not optimistic.