厦门及其邻域近40年海岸线变迁

COASTLINE CHANGES IN XIAMEN AND SURROUNDING AREAS FOR THE PAST 40 YEARS

以厦门及其邻域1973、1990、2000年以及2016年共4期MSS、TM、ETM和OLI遥感影像数据,结合地形数据,构建了厦门及其邻域海岸线分类方案和解译规则,利用人机交互方法解译研究区4时相的海岸线。分析了近40 a来该区域的海岸线变迁特征,结果表明:1973-2016年,岸线总体呈增长趋势,总长度从759376 m增加到885433 m,1973-1990年增长0.94%,1990-2000年增长6.29%,2000-2016年增长8.67%,其中人工海岸线长度增长最为突出;研究区岸线变化北部明显多于南部;海岸线外扩主要集中在北部石井镇至隆教畲族一线和厦门岛,九龙江湾在1990-2016年的岸线变迁亦十分突出,而金门岛岸线自1973年起变化微弱;人类社会经济活动是岸线变迁的主要原因,人类对沿海用地需求大,围海造地成为人工海岸持续增长的动力。

Based on the MSS,TM,ETM and OLI remote sensing image data collected in 1973,1990,2000 and 2016,respectively,as well as the topographic data available,we made a detailed study on the coastline changes in Xiamen and surrounding areas.A coastline classification and interpretation guidelines are established,and a 4-phase coastline system of the research area was recognized with human-computer interaction method.At last,the characteristics of coastline change in this area for the past 40 years are proposed as the results.The results show that from 1973 to 2016,the coastline of the study area was generally under an increasing trend,and the total length increased from 759376 m to 885433 m.The growth rate was 0.94%from 1973 to 1990,6.29%from 1990 to 2000,and 8.67%from 2000 to 2016,in which the growth of artificial coastline dominates;The coastline increment in the north of the study area is significantly higher than that in the south during the past 40 years,in particular,in the north of Shijing Town,the Longjiao and the Xiamen Island.The coastline change around Jiulongjiang Bay is also very prominent in the period of 1990-2016.However,the coast around the Jinmen Island has remained stable since 1973.With the increase in demand for coastal land,human activities,especially land reclamation,has become the driving force for the sustained growth of artificial coastline in the region.