国家主义、世界主义及其复合:欧盟跨国民主建构的三种理论

Nationalism,Cosmopolitanism and Compound Standpoint:Three Theories of the EU's Transnational Democracy Construction

欧盟跨国民主建构是当前欧洲一体化和欧盟机构改革进程中不可回避的重要议题。国家主义指责世界主义无法消解文化异质性与主权同质性的矛盾,世界主义则批评国家主义无法回应欧盟民主实践对传统民主理论的挑战,二者构成关于欧盟民主合法性讨论的两种基本立场。第三种理论立场认为国家主义和世界主义都无法独自应对欧盟民主的合法性危机,试图将二者结合起来,把复合政体的观念引入欧盟民主合法性问题的讨论中,但实际上仍然无法提出有效的解决方案。欧盟跨国民主建构仍然是困扰欧盟民主化和欧洲一体化的一大难题。

The transnational Democracy construction of the European Union is an important issue that cannot be avoided in the process of European integration and the institutional reform of the EU.Nationalism accuses cosmopolitanism of failing to resolve the contradiction between cultural heterogeneity and sovereignty homogeneity,while cosmopolitanism criticizes nationalism for failing to respond to the challenge from the EU democratic practice to the traditional democratic theory.These two aspects constitute two basic positions in the discussion of the legitimacy of EU democracy.Compound standpoint holds that neither nationalism nor cosmopolitanism can deal with the legitimacy crisis of EU democracy on its own.It tries to combine the two and introduce the concept of compound regime into the discussion of the legitimacy of EU democracy.However,in fact,it is still unable to put forward an effective solution.The transnational democracy construction of the EU is still a difficult problem that puzzles the democratization of the EU and European integration.