2019年饲料原料霉菌毒素污染状况调查

Investigation on mycotoxin contamination in feed materials in 2019

目的调查分析2019年饲料原料霉菌毒素污染状况。方法采用胶体金免疫层析法或上转发光免疫分析(up-conversion immunoassays,UPT)法对安佑集团各分子公司所采购的大宗饲料原料中呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮和黄曲霉毒素B1含量进行快速检测,2019年度共检测饲料原料样品20918份。结果对比安佑集团企业标准,2019年饲料原料霉菌毒素污染总超标率为3.2%。饲料原料霉菌毒素污染整体情况由重转轻,上半年污染较重主要是由于麸皮及次粉霉菌毒素污染超标所致,下半年霉菌毒素污染程度整体较轻,但9月玉米和玉米干酒糟及其可溶物(distillers dried grains with soluble,DDGS)的玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)污染情况较重,其中DDGS达重度污染;从产地来源看,2019年全国各产地麸皮和次粉呕吐毒素(vomitoxin,DON)污染较重;河南产地米糠黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxins B1,AFB1)及四川产地米糠ZEN达重度污染;山东、江苏、云南、安徽产地玉米AFB1及安徽产地玉米DON达重度污染;且饲料原料中的霉菌毒素并非单一存在,多数情况下是多种毒素共存。结论与2018年饲料原料霉菌毒素污染调查数据(未公开发表)相比,2019年原料污染程度较轻。

Objective To In vestige and analyze the mycotoxin contamination in feed materials in 2019.Methods The content of vomiting toxin,corn gibberelone and aflatoxin B1 in the bulk feed materials purchased by the molecular companies of anyou group was rapidly detected by colloidal-gold immunoassays or up-conversion immunoassays(UPT).In 2019,a total of 20918 feed materials samples were detected.Results According to Anyou group’s standard,the total exceeding rate of mycotoxin contamination in feed materials in 2019 was 3.2%.The overall situation of mycotoxin contamination of feed raw materials changed from heavy to light.In the first half of the year,the contamination was mainly caused by excessive mycotoxin contamination of bran and secondary powder.In the second half of the year,the contamination degree of mycotoxin was relatively low.However,in September,the contamination of zearalenone(ZEN)of corn and DDGS was relatively heavy,and the contamination of DDGS was severe.From the point of origin,the vomitoxin(DON)pollution from wheat bran and wheat powder in various producing areas in China in 2019 was relatively heavy.Aflatoxins Aflatoxins B1(AFB1)from henan province and ZEN from sichuan province were seriously contaminated.Conclusion In comparison with the data from the 2018 survey on my cotoxin contamination of feed raw materials(which has not been published publicly),the pollution level of raw materials in 2019 is relatively low.