黑龙江大庆地区野生与仿野生栽培蒙古黄芪的品质研究

Quality Analysis of Semi-cultivated and Wild Astragalus Membranaceus Var.Mongholicus from Daqing District in Heilongjiang Province

通过对黑龙江省大庆市星火牧场草甸上野生蒙古黄芪和大同区仿野生栽培蒙古黄芪中皂苷类和黄酮类成分的分析比较,评价仿野生栽培蒙古黄芪与野生蒙古黄芪的品质差异。采集10批野生和20批仿野生栽培蒙古黄芪样品,采用UPLC-ELSD法测定毛蕊异黄酮苷、芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素、黄芪皂苷Ⅰ、黄芪皂苷Ⅱ、黄芪皂苷Ⅲ和黄芪皂苷Ⅳ共计8种成分。结果表明:供试的4~5年生仿野生栽培蒙古黄芪中黄酮总量、皂苷总量、毛蕊异黄酮苷、芒柄花苷、黄芪皂苷Ⅰ、黄芪皂苷Ⅱ和黄芪皂苷Ⅲ的量高于野生黄芪,芒柄花素和黄芪皂苷Ⅳ的量低于野生黄芪;通过研究发现,仿野生栽培1~5年生黄芪中8种成分中黄酮类成分随着黄芪生长年限的增长出现不断增高的趋势,而皂苷类成分出现降低趋势。

In order to evaluate the quality of semi-cultivated and wild Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus,the contents of flavonoids and saponins between the semi-cultivated and wild Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus were determined in Daqing district in Heilongjiang province.10 Wild samples and 20 semi-cultivated samples of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus were collected from Daqing Spark meadow and Datong area respectively.The contents of flavonoids,calycosin glucoside,ononin,calycosin,formononetin,astragalosidesⅠ,astragalosidesⅡ,astragalo-sidesⅢand astragalosidesⅣwere analyzed by UPLC-ELSD.The average contents of calycosin glucoside,ononin,astragalosidesⅠ,astragalosidesⅡ,and astragalosidesⅢin four or five-year semi-cultivated samples were higher than the wild samples.Whereas the content of formononetin and astragalosideⅣin semi-cultivated samples were less than the wild samples.We found that the contents of flavonoids increased as the years increasing in one to five-year semi-cultivated samples of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus,while the content of saponins were lower as the years increasing in the growth period.