保宁半夏颗粒镇咳、祛痰、平喘的药效及机制研究

Study on the efficacy and mechanism of antitussive,expectorant and antiasthmatic effects of BaoningBanxia Granule

目的:考察保宁半夏颗粒的镇咳、祛痰、平喘作用,为临床应用提供实验依据。方法:采用浓氨水引咳法、气管酚红排泌法、组胺致喘法观察保宁半夏颗粒镇咳、祛痰、平喘药效作用,采用同时采用辣椒素引咳、烟雾致急性肺炎模型,探讨保宁半夏颗粒的镇咳祛痰机制,ELISA法检测P物质和MUC5AC水平,咔唑法测定脂多糖含量。结果:与CMC组相比,保宁半夏颗粒3.0g·kg^-1和6.0 g·kg^-1能显著延长小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期,显著降低小鼠2min和3min内的咳嗽次数(P<0.05,P<0.01);1.50、3.00、6.00 g·kg^-1三个剂量均可显著增加小鼠气管酚红排泌量(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与CMC组比较,保宁半夏颗粒3 g·kg^-1注射生理盐水组对辣椒素诱导咳嗽小鼠呈现镇咳效果(P<0.05);保宁半夏颗粒有降低辣椒素引咳小鼠肺泡灌洗液中的P物质的趋势,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。与CMC+模型组相比,保宁半夏颗粒组对烟熏致急性肺炎模型小鼠黏多糖和MUC5AC含量无明显差异(P>0.05),提示其镇咳、祛痰作用机制尚不明确。与模型组相比,保宁半夏颗粒显著减少模型动物行为评分及模型动物哮喘恢复时间(P<0.05,P<0.01),无法显著延长引喘潜伏期(P>0.05)。保宁半夏颗粒不能对抗组胺所致的气管张力增加,提示对H1受体无阻断作用(P>0.05)。结论:保宁半夏颗粒有镇咳、祛痰、平喘等效果,其具体机制尚不明确,有待进一步研究。

Objective:To investigate the antitussive,expectorant and antiasthma effects of BaoningBanxia Granule,and provide experimental basis for its clinical application.Method:The antitussive,expectorant and antiasthma effects of BaoningBanxia Granule were observed by concentrated ammonia induced cough method,tracheal phenol red excretion method and histamine induced wheezing method.The antitussive and expectorant mechanism of BaoningBanxia Granule was studied by using capsaicin induced cough and smoke induced acute pneumonia model.The levels of Substance P and MUC5AC were detected by ELISA method and lipopolysaccharide content was detected by carbazole method.Result:Compared with the CMC group,3.0 g·kg^-1 and 6.0 g·kg^-1 BaoningBanxia Granule could significantly prolong the cough latent period of the mice,and significantly reduce the number of cough in the mice for 2 min and 3 min(P<0.05,P<0.01).1.50,3.00,6.00 g·kg^-1 BaoningBanxia Granule could significantly increase the excretion of the mice's trachea phenol red(P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the CMC group,the group of BaoningBanxia Granule(3 g·kg^-1)was injected with saline could reduce capsicin induced cough in mice(P<0.05).The SubstanceP in the alveolar lavage fluid of the mice with the capsaicin induced cough was lower by BaoningBanxia Granule,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Compared with the CMC model group,there was no significant difference in the content of mucopolysaccharide and MUC5AC in the mice with acute pneumonia(P>0.05).It was suggested that the mechanism of antitussive and expectorant action was not clear.Compared with the model group,BaoningBanxia Granule significantly reduced the model animal behavior score and the model animal asthma recovery time(P<0.05,P<0.01),but it could not significantly prolong the latency of the asthma(P>0.05).BaoningBanxia Granule also could not resist the increase of the tracheal tension caused by histamine,which suggested that there was no blocking effect on H1 receptor(P>0.05).Conclusion:BaoningBanxia Granule has antitussive,expectorant,antiasthmatic effects.The specific mechanism is still unclear and needs further study.