火灾条件下拱顶油罐弱连接结构的失效分析

Failure analysis of weak connection structure of vaulted oil tank under fire condition

拱顶油罐受外部火焰烘烤发生失效爆炸,易造成严重人员伤亡和巨大经济损失。为对火灾条件下拱顶油罐的失效爆炸进行预警,通过高温材料力学性能实验平台对拱顶油罐弱连接结构进行破坏测试,得出不同火灾温度条件下弱连接结构失效的拉断力和应力值。实验结果表明,当温度高于300℃时,拉断力和失效应力值变化显著,其中450℃为变化峰值温度。在此基础上,构建了拱顶油罐失效压力计算模型,推导出了不同容积拱顶油罐在不同火灾温度下的失效压力。所得结果可作为拱顶油罐失效的判定依据,为油罐的爆炸预警提供数据支撑。

The vaulted oil tank fails to explode after being roasted by external flames,which may cause serious casualties and huge economic losses.To warn the failure and explosion of vaulted oil tank under fire condition,through the high temperature material mechanical performance experiment platform,the weak connection structure of the vaulted oil tank is tested for destruction.The breaking force and stress values of weak connection structure failure under different fire temperature conditions are obtained.The results show that when the temperature is higher than 300℃,the values of pulling force and failure stress change significantly,of which 450℃is the peak temperature.Furthermore,the failure pressure of 1 m^3 vaulted oil tank under different temperature conditions was tested by establishing failure test platform for small-sized vaulted oil tank.The comparison between the calculated and experimental results shows the accuracy of the failure pressure of 1 m3 vaulted oil tank.On this basis,the failure pressure calculation model of vaulted oil tank was constructed,and the failure pressure of vaulted oil tank with different volume under different fire temperature was deduced.The results can be used as the criterion for the failure of vaulted oil tank to provide data support for the explosion warning for vaulted oil tank.