生态语言学视角下的海洋诗歌分析--以惠特曼的《给军舰鸟》为例

An Ecolinguistic Analysis of Whitman’s To the Man-of-War-Bird

运用生态语言学理论对海洋诗歌《给军舰鸟》进行分析,探索惠特曼如何通过语言形式和内容表达来构建非人类生命体的生态身份,人类与非人类生命体之间的生态关系,以及生态影响。选择"海鸟"作为物质过程的施事者以及行为过程的参与者,提高非人类生态位的能动性和参与程度;主位和信息结构围绕"海鸟"在海上对抗暴风展开,塑造非人类生态成分的正面形象,增加读者对非人类生命体关注度;发声体--惠特曼的身份和地位,语气和情态系统的结合对信息传播产生积极效果,有利于传达正确的生态理念。

This paper makes a multifunctional analysis of the marine poem To the Man-of-War-Bird by Walt Whitman from the ecolinguistic perspective.It explores how Whitman chooses language forms and contents to construct the ecological identity of non-human life,the ecological relationship between human life and non-human life,and the ecological impact of non-human life.It is shown that firstly,“seabird”is chosen as the agent of the material process and the behaver of the behavioral process to improve the motivation and participation of the non-human life;secondly,the thematic structure and information structure center around the scene–“seabird”against the storm at sea to create the lively image of non-human life and draw readers’attention to non-human life;thirdly,the speaker,i.e.Whitman’s identity and status,along with the combination of mood system and modal system,has a positive effect on information dissemination,which is beneficial to convey correct ecological concept.