中温厌氧消化对猪、奶牛粪中腐殖质含量及结构的影响

The Effects of Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion on Humus Content and Its Structure in Pig and Dairy Manure

为阐明畜禽粪便厌氧消化后腐殖质的特性,文章以猪粪和奶牛粪为研究对象,探讨了进料总固体(TS)为4%和8%条件下中温35℃±1℃厌氧消化后物料中腐殖质含量和结构的变化特征。结果表明,中温厌氧消化后猪粪和奶牛粪的总腐殖质(HS)和富里酸(FA)含量均显著(p<0.01)降低;胡敏酸(HA)含量在发酵猪粪中显著(p<0.01)降低,而在发酵奶牛粪中无显著性变化。基于傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)结果发现,猪粪消化残留物中糖类占比增多,脂肪族、酚类、蛋白质化合物占比减少,而奶牛粪发酵后多糖类物质占比减少,脂肪族、脂质、酚类化合物占比增加。芳香族化合物仅在高浓度猪粪中温厌氧消化后有少量被分解。该研究为畜禽粪便消化残留物后续的合理利用及环境风险评估提供参考。

In order to clarify the characteristics of humus after anaerobic digestion of livestock and poultry manure,this study took pig manure and dairy manure as raw materials,the changes of humus content and structure after mesophilic anaerobic digestion(35℃±1℃)was investigated.The feeding total solid(TS)were 4%and 8%,respectively.The results showed that,after the mesophilic digestion,the total contents of humus(HS)and fulvic acid(FA)in digested pig manure and dairy manure decreased significantly(p<0.01),respectively.The humic acid(HA)content decreased significantly(p<0.01)in digested pig manure,while there was no significant change in digested dairy manure.Based on the results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),it was found that there was an proportion increase in saccharide and decrease in aliphatic,phenolic and protein compounds in the digested pig manure,whereas there was a proportion decrease in polysaccharide and an increase in aliphatic,lipid and phenolic compounds in the digested dairy manure.Besides,aromatic compounds were decomposed in small quantities after anaerobic digestion only at high TS pig manure(8%).This study provides a reference for the follow-up rational utilization and environmental risk assessment of digested livestock and poultry manure.