流域生态修复与保护立法:现实困境与对策选择

Predicaments and Countermeasures of Legislation on Ecological Restoration and Protection of River Basins

流域是以水为核心和纽带形成的自然地理区域,流域生态修复与保护是以水资源保护、水环境治理、水污染防治和水生态修复为主要内容的生态环境保护事务。流域生态修复与保护事务的复杂性决定了其并非单一主体能够完成,而需要包括政府、企业、社会组织和公众在内的多元主体共同努力。流域生态修复与保护法的环境法属性决定了其不应以促进经济发展为目的,而应在尊重生态系统运行规律的基础上,严格政府环保目标责任,强化企业的生态修复与保护责任,激励公众参与生态环境保护,建立多元化的投融资保障制度。

River basin is a natural geographical area with water as the core and link.The ecological restoration and protection of river basin is an ecological environment protection affair with water resource protection,water environment treatment,water pollution prevention and water ecological restoration as the main contents.The complexity of watershed ecological restoration and protection determines that it can not be completed by a single subject,but by the joint efforts of multiple subjects including the government,enterprises,social organizations and the public.The environmental law attribute of the river basin ecological restoration and protection law determines that it should not aim at promoting economic development,but on the basis of respecting the operation law of the ecosystem,it should strictly enforce the government′s environmental protection responsibility,strengthen the enterprise′s ecological restoration and protection responsibility,encourage the public to participate in the ecological environment protection,and establish a diversified investment and financing guarantee system.