“诸葛之成规”与蜀汉兴亡

The Prosperity and Perish Of Shu Han with Policies Of Zhuge Liang

“诸葛之成规”是诸葛亮治理蜀汉的基本政策,也是蜀汉政权得以维持的政治基础。其核心内涵是“宫中府中俱为一体”,以士人统领宫中、府中取代宦官、外戚在宫中的地位。“诸葛之成规”既是承接东汉中期以后士人政治理想,也是刘备、诸葛亮反思汉末政治的结果。在诸葛亮、蒋琬、董允、费祎相继离世后,后主逐渐放弃了“诸葛之成规”,并以宦官、外戚、东宫旧臣统领蜀汉政权,打破了蜀汉政权得以维持的政治基础,最终导致蜀汉灭亡。

The rules made by Zhuge Liang were not only the basic national policy,but also the political basis for Shu Han Kingdom to maintain its reign.The core connotation of the rules was that intellectuals replaced eunuchs and royal relatives to govern the central and local administrations.The ideological origin of the rules came from both the political thoughts of the intellectuals who lived in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty,and Liu bei and Zhuge Liang′s reflections on the politics of the late Eastern Han Dynasty.After the successive deaths of Zhuge Liang,Jiang Wan,Dong Yun and Fei Yi,Liu Shan gradually gave up the rules,instead,he appointed eunuchs,relatives and his former subjects to govern the nation,which undermined the political basis for maintaining Shu Han Kingdom and finally resulted in its own perish.