林业科技服务对农户经济林经营选择行为的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Forestry Science and Technology Services on Farmers'Economic Forest Operation Choice Behavior

基于陕西省495户农户的调查数据,采用样本选择模型分析林业科技服务对农户是否经营经济林及经济林经营方式的影响。结果表明:林业科技服务对农户经营经济林和采用劳动节约型经营方式有显著的正向影响。其边际效应分析表明,林业科技服务每提高1个单位可使农户经营经济林的概率提升19.75%,使其选择以劳动节约型方式经营经济林的概率提升12.68%;在林业科技服务各维度变量中,良种选育类服务和森林抚育类服务对农户经营经济林有显著的正向作用,良种选育类服务和种植养殖类服务对农户采用劳动节约型经济林经营方式有促进作用;森林抚育类服务对农户采用劳动集约型经营方式有正向影响;林业科技服务方式和服务机构对农户经营经济林及其经营方式的选择均不显著。因此,提出建立高效的供需沟通机制、创新林业科技服务供给主体以及优化其推广方式等建议。

⑴Background——Economic forests have become the important part of forestry economic development and adjustment focus of forestry industrial structure in the forestry ecological construction period of China,because it can take both economic development and ecological benefits into account.However,at present,the economic forest management is mainly dominated by decentralized management of households.For lack of advanced management and planting technology and improved varieties,the productions are at a disadvantage in the market competition.As an important measure for the government to support the farmers to manage the economic forest,it is of great significance to carry out relevant research on it.⑵Methods——The relevant data of this paper comes from a field survey of sample farmers in ten counties of Shaanxi Province in July 2017,with a total of 495 samples.There is a problem of sample selection bias in this study,so a sample selection model is used for analyzing.⑶Results——The research results show that firstly,whether the farmers have accepted the forestry science and technology services has a significant positive impact on the participation of farmers in the management of economic forests,but a significantly negative impact on management mode,the selection of improved varieties does so.Forest tending has a significant positive impact on whether farmers manage economic forest and which way farmers manage economic forest.And planting and breeding has a significant negative impact on farmers'economic forest management mode,and it has slight impact on whether farmers operate economic forest.Secondly,the age and education level of households have a significant positive impact on whether farmers operate economic forest,the age has light impact on management mode,and the education level has a significant negative impact on farmers'management mode of economic forest.Simpson index has a significant negative impact on the management of economic forest,but a positive impact on the management mode.And whether the infrastructure construction meets the production demand of farmers has a negative relationship with the management mode of economic forest.And whether the infrastructure construction meets the production demand of farmers has a negative relationship with the management mode of economic forest.Geographical location has a significant negative impact on the management mode.finally,the marginal effect test results show that when 1 unit of forestry science technology service is improved,the probability of farmers operating economic forests will increase by 19.75%,making the probability of choosing to operate economic forests in a labor-intensive manner reduced by 12.68%.Breeding and forest tending have positive effects on farmers'economic forest management and pass the significance test with 5%and 10%respectively.planting and breeding had a positive impact on the management mode of farmers'economic forests,and pass the significance test at the level of 10%.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——The following suggestions are put forward:⑴An efficient supply and demand communication mechanism need to establish to meet the needs of small farmers for forestry science and technology services,and advanced information technology is used to establish a two-way interactive forestry technology service supply and demand docking mechanism.⑵Innovation in forestry science and technology should be kept,which will provide technical services to the main body,and optimize the mode of forestry science and technology services.Besides,the aggregation and interaction of urban and rural forestry science and technology elements need to get promoted to enhance the effect of forestry science and technology services.