市民的城市森林功能感知及行为机制研究

Study on Mechanisms of Citizens'Perception and Behavior of Urban Forest Function

以北京市城六区的城市森林为例构建市民视角下城市森林的功能体系,并基于2015—2017年实地调查获取的2975份市民调研问卷数据,利用结构方程模型(SEM)分析市民对城市森林功能的感知及行为机理。结果表明:市民的感知价值和个体感知会对其行为意愿产生直接影响;外界参照群体会对市民的行为意愿产生间接影响,其感知价值在此过程中发挥中介效应。因此,北京市首先要加强公众对城市森林的参与和认知程度;其次要提高城市森林相关政策的稳定性与可持续性,充分考虑公众需求;同时还要完善城市的各项功能,夯实城市森林的发展基础。

⑴Background——Due to the failure of various functions of urban forests,there is still a certain contradiction between the growing ecological environment demand of citizens and the ability of urban forest to provide ecological environment services.How to improve the level of urban ecological environment construction and meet the needs of citizens'ecological environment by improving the functional level of urban forests is an important issue that needs to be solved.This study focuses on exploring the cognition,behavior of citizens in urban forest development and improvement and its internal mechanism,which is of great significance to enhance the scientificity of relevant research and build a reasonable problem interpretation framework.⑵Methods——This study takes urban forests in six districts of Beijing as an example to build a functional system of urban forests from the perspective of citizens.Based on the data from 2975 citizen survey questionnaires obtained from field surveys in 2015—2017,a structural equation model(SEM)is designed to analyze citizens'attitudes towards cities and the perception and behavioral mechanism of urban forest function.⑶Results——The results show that:First of all,the individual perception of citizens will have a significant impact on their willingness and perceived value.Among them,the individual perception of citizens has a similar effect on their will and perceived value,and the direct effect of individual perception on their will is greater than the indirect effect.Secondly,the reference group will have a greater direct impact on the perceived value of citizens,and at the same time,it will indirectly affect the behavioral willingness through the perceived value of citizens,that is,the perceived value will play an intermediary role in this process.Finally,the perceived value of citizens will affect their behavior intention.It can be seen that the impact of citizens'will is more complex.A comprehensive analysis of this problem through structural equation model can reveal the mechanism of urban forest function.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——First of all,the deepening of citizens'individual perception and the improvement of their own quality are needed to pay attention to in Beijing.On the one hand,citizens'understanding of the multiple functions of urban forests is enhanced.On the other hand,citizens'participation and utilization of various functions of urban forests are enhanced to improve citizen behavior willingness for making more scientific and reasonable decisions and create conditions for the sustainable development of Beijing's urban forests.Secondly,improving the decision-making level of urban forest construction,and the relevant policy-making and implementation links is needed to focus on,so that citizens can participate in the whole process of urban forest policy-making,implementation and supervision to enhance the recognition and support of citizens for the policy.Finally,citizens'positive perception of urban forests can promote their willingness,and at the same time,taking into account the perceived value of referring to the mediating role by the indirect influence of reference groups on the willingness of behavior,the improvement of citizens'willingness and behavior that needs to be addressed from both subjective and objective aspects,which are complementary.In addition,to build a solid foundation for the development of urban forests is needed in Beijing,and to pay attention to avoid other problems that may arise in the process of urban forest construction is also needed.