阳春砂仁不同部位挥发性成分的GC-MS分析研究

GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Components in Different Parts of Amomum villosum L.

目的:对阳春砂仁种子团、果皮及根茎的挥发性成分进行分析比较,为砂仁资源的开发利用以及药效各异性提供理论依据。方法:冷冻干燥新鲜阳春砂仁的果实和根茎,水蒸气蒸馏法提取干燥种子团、果皮以及根茎的挥发油,气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析挥发性成分,按面积归一化法确定各成分的相对百分含量。结果:从挥发性成分中总共分析鉴定了120种组分,包括种子团30种、果皮63种、根茎70种,三者共有成分仅有10种;种子团和果皮中酯类成分百分含量最高,分别为52.5%、42.09%;根茎中的烃类成分含量最高,为39.32%;种子团、果皮和根茎的挥发性成分组成中,乙酸龙脑酯的含量分别为52.46%、40.35%和18.34%。结论:阳春砂仁种子团、果皮及根茎挥发性成分的组成和含量差异较大,为三者的药效各异性以及根茎和果皮的资源再利用提供直接的理论依据。

Objective:The volatile components of seeds,peels and rhizomes of Amomum villosum L.were analyzed and compared in order to provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization and efficacy anisotropy of Amomum villosum L.Methods:The fruits and rhizomes of fresh Amomum villosum L.were freeze-dried.The volatile oil of dried seeds,peels and rhizomes were extracted by steam distillation.The volatile components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the relative percentage content of each component was determined by area normalization method.Result:A total of 120 kinds of volatile components were analyzed and identified,including 30 species of seeds,63 species of peels and 70 species of rhizomes,of which there were only 10 common components,and the percentage content of esters in seed cluster and peels were the highest(52.5%and 42.09%,respectively).The highest content of hydrocarbons in rhizomes were 39.32%.In the volatile components of seeds,peels and rhizomes,the contents of bornyl acetate were 52.46%,40.35%and 18.34%,respectively.Conclusion:There are great differences in the composition and content of volatile components in seeds,peels and rhizomes of Amomum villosum L.,which provides a direct theoretical basis for the efficacy heterogeneity of the three and the resource reuse of rhizomes and peels.