新冠肺炎疫情危机下家庭抗逆力的应激过程研究

The Stress Process of Family Resilience during the“NCP”Crisis

2020年在中国暴发了潜伏期长、传播广泛的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情,对疾病的恐惧及家庭需求的难以满足使中国几乎所有家庭暴露于疫情之下的被动应激过程。面对新冠肺炎疫情危机急速暴发造成的健康与自主威胁,家庭抗逆力的应激过程究竟如何?文章通过对新冠肺炎疫情危机暴发期间的5个家庭进行深度访谈,了解不同家庭在特定疫情背景下的基本需要及应对过程,指出家庭抗逆力的应激过程包括了家庭应激的启动过程和家庭应激抗逆过程。家庭应激的启动是外部信息冲击和内部主观评估的结果,家庭应激的抗逆过程主要是完成对家庭成员基本需要和特定需要的满足,并促使成员维持一定的抗逆力水平。家庭应激中的抗逆力促进可通过以家庭为单位的资源提供和促进家庭信念的心理援助两种途径进行。

During the Spring Festival period of 2020,a novel coronavirus pneumonia crisis(NCP)broke out in Wuhan,China,with a long incubation period and widespread infection.Engulfed by fear of the disease,almost all Chinese families underwent a family stress process during the public crisis.What is the stress process of family resilience like in this context?This paper analyzes the coping process of family crisis based on family stories published on the Internet during the“NCP”crisis,illustrating the stress process of Chinese family resilience,including the start-up process and resilience process of family stress.The start-up process of family stress is the result of external information impact and internal subjective evaluation.The resilience process of family stress aims to satisfy the basic and specific needs of family members,and to promote them to maintain a certain level of resilience.There are two ways to promote resilience in family stress:resources provision based on family needs,and psychological assistance for enhancing family belief.