疫情期间农村居民自我效能感对心理健康的影响及其机制

The Effect of Self-efficacy on Mental Health and its Mechanism among Rural Dwellers during the Epidemic

为探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防治期间农村居民自我效能感与心理健康的关系及其影响机制,该研究采用一般自我效能感问卷、90项症状自评量表和自编对疫情的了解程度和风险认知问卷对880名皖西南地区农村居民进行调查,探讨自我效能感对心理健康的预测作用,同时探讨对疫情的了解程度和风险认知的中介作用。结果发现:自我效能感不仅能直接预测心理健康,还能通过三条间接路径影响心理健康:对疫情的了解程度的中介作用、对疫情风险感知的中介作用、对疫情了解程度和风险感知的链式中介作用。该研究进一步揭示了自我效能感与心理健康的关系及其作用机制,为新冠肺炎时期农村居民的心理健康维护提供启示。

The present study is to explore the relationship between self-efficacy and mental health of rural residents and its underlying mechanisms during the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19).A sample of 880 rural residents from southwest of Anhui province was recruited in the study.General selfefficacy scale(GSES),Symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)and self-designed questionnaires regarding the knowledge and risk perception of COVID-19 were used to investigate the effect of self-efficacy on mental health and the mediation effects of the knowledge and risk perception of COVID-19 in the relationship.The results indicated self-efficacy not only directly predicted the mental health,but also indirectly affected mental health via three indirect paths:the mediation effect of the knowledge of COVID-19;the mediation effect of the risk perception of COVID-19;the chain mediation effect of the knowledge and risk perception of COVID-19.The study further revealed the effect of self-efficacy on mental health and its mechanism,which could shed light on the maintenance of mental health among rural dwellers during the prevention and control of COVID-19.