新兴市场跨国企业国际化的来源国劣势研究--基于组织身份视角

Liability of Origin and the Internationalization of EMNEs:An Organizational Identity Perspective

来源国劣势是新兴市场跨国企业国际化面临的严峻挑战,但当前学术界对其如何克服来源国劣势缺乏理解。本文基于组织身份与意义给赋理论,采用探索性的案例研究方法归纳来源国劣势的形成机制及其克服机制。研究发现:新兴市场跨国企业在发达国家面临的来源国劣势主要由组织身份误解引起;新兴市场跨国企业通过组织身份意义给赋机制克服来源国劣势,目的是弱化来源国对其组织身份的负面印记,消除身份误解;组织身份意义给赋包括“话语”机制和“信号显示”机制,两种机制相互补充、持续厚化。本文研究结论有助于深化来源国劣势、新兴市场跨国企业国际化战略、意义给赋相关理论,也对中国企业在“一带一路”倡议和“逆全球化”双重叠加背景下克服来源国劣势具有启示意义。

“Liability of origin”is a serious challenge faced by emerging market multinational enterprises(EMNEs)in internationalization.However,the previous research is lack of sufficient guide on how EMNEs to overcome this disadvantage.This paper uses the exploratory case study method to explore the formation and overcoming mechanism of liability of origin based on the theory of organizational identity and sensegiving.The results show that the liability of origin is mainly caused by the misunderstanding of organizational identity of EMNEs;EMNEs overcome the liability of origin by the organizational identity sensegiving mechanism;the purpose of organizational identity sensegiving is to weaken the negative imprinting of the country of origin on the EMNEs’identity,and eliminate identity misunderstanding;and the organizational identity sensegiving includes the discourse mechanism and the signal mechanism,which complement and reinforce each other.The theoretical contribution of this paper is to elaborate the theory of liability of origin,the internationalization strategy of the EMNEs and sensegiving,and also has implications for Chinese enterprises to overcome the liability of origin under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative and anti-globalization.