刑事附带民事公益诉讼的实践考量与优化路径——基于2019年H省法院裁判文书的分析

The Practical Considerations and Optimization Pathway of Criminal Incidental Civil Public Interest Litigation——Based on the Analysis of the Judgment Document of H Province in 2019

自2018年两高《关于检察公益诉讼案件适用法律若干问题的解释》实施以来,刑事附带民事公益诉讼已经成为保护社会公共利益的一把“利器”,体现出了节约司法成本、维护社会秩序、保障司法权威等优越性。然而,由于相关立法与司法解释的规定过于原则,该诉讼程序的提起存在着检察机关诉讼角色定位不清、司法实务中的受案范围较为有限、责任承担方式和受偿对象有待明确等问题。在此背景下,对相关案件的裁判文书进行实证分析,并针对存在的问题提出优化路径,以期能够顺应我国法制化建设的进程,为公益诉讼事业的良性发展赋能。

Since the implementation of the interpretation on the application of law in procuratorial public interest litigation cases in 2018,criminal incidental civil public interest litigation has become a“sharp weapon”to protect social public interests.It shows the advantages of saving judicial cost,maintaining social order and guaranteeing judicial authority.However,as the provisions of relevant legislation and judicial interpretation are too principled,the following issues exist in the proceedings:the role of the procuratorial organs is not clear,and the types of cases accepted in judicial practice are limited,and the mode of liability and the object of compensation are not clear.In this context,this article makes an empirical analysis of the judgment documents of relevant cases and proposes an optimal pathway for the existing problems.It is hoped that this article can conform to the process of legalization in China and empower the healthy development of public interest litigation.