非施药植物上蓟马种群动态及优势种的生态位分析

Population dynamics and niche analysis of dominant species of thrips in non-medicated plants

为探明杀虫剂非施用环境中入侵西花蓟马和本地蓟马的种群变化情况,明确主要蓟马种类,对白车轴草、粉花绣线菊和紫苜蓿3种植物上的蓟马种群动态、空间分布和时间生态位进行了研究。结果表明,昆明市夏季3种植物上蓟马的种群动态出现6月初和8月末2个发生高峰,成虫整个发生期内最高值为白车轴草上达8.3头·株^-1,若虫为8.8头·株^-1。采用5种聚集度指标、Iwao回归分析法和Taylor幂函数法则检测3种植物上蓟马成虫的空间分布,发现蓟马成虫在3种植物上均为聚集分布,蓟马的聚集原因主要由自身习性和环境共同引起。3种植物上的蓟马优势种存在一定差异,其中西花蓟马、黄蓟马和棕榈蓟马是3种植物上的共有优势种,且在夏季不同时期内不同植物上的蓟马比例存在差异,以夏初各种蓟马比例最高。

To determine the population changes of Frankliniella occidentalis and native thrip species in the non-insecticide application environment and to identify the main thrips species,the population dynamics,spatial distribution and temporal niche in three different plants Trifolium repens,Spiraea japonica and Medicago sativa were studied.The results showed that the population dynamics of thrips in three plants in the summer of Kunming city showed two peaks in early June and late August,and the highest value of adult worms in T.repens during the entire occurrence period was 8.3 heads·strain-1 and that of nymphs was 8.8 heads·strain-1.The spatial distribution of the adults thrips in the three plant species was tested by five aggregation degree indicators,Iwao’s regression analysis method and Taylor power function rule.The results showed that the spatial distribution of the adults thrips displayed an aggregated pattern in these three plant species,and the gathering of adults thrips was mainly caused by both their own habits and environment.There were some differences in the dominant species of thrips in these three plant species,F.occidentalis,Thrips flavus and Thrips palmi were the dominant species in these three plant species.The proportion of thrips was different among the three plant species during different periods of summer,and the highest proportion of thrips occurred in early summer.