日本杏雨书屋藏敦煌写本《修禅要诀》考论

A Critical Reaserch of the Dunhuang Manuscript Xiuchan Yaojue Collected in Kyou Shoku in Japan

《卍新纂续藏经》所收《修禅要诀》,题北天竺佛陀波利随问略说,唐代明恂随录,慧智传译,或疑其为宋明之间某僧人伪造。日本杏雨书屋藏有敦煌写本《修禅要诀》,可见唐代已经流传,自非伪作。该经宋代以后在国内已不见流传,传入日本的时间当在北宋熙宁九年(1076)前后;清乾隆四十九年(1784)日僧智晖作序刻印出版,即今续藏经本。此敦煌写本对续藏经本有重要校勘价值。

Xiuchan Yaojue(Secrets for Practicing Dhyana)recorded in 卍 New Sequel of the Tripitaka,and which also appears in several Japanese collections of Buddhist sutras,is about the questions and answers of Buddha-pāla recorded by Ming Xun and was translated by Hui Zhi in the Tang dynasty.It has previously been suspected that this text was forged by a monk in the Song and Ming dynasties,but comparison with a copy of the Xiuchan Yaojue from Dunhuang collected in Japan’s Kyou Shoku,which was copied at the end of the Tang dynasty,proves that this sutra is in fact genuine.This sutra went out of circulation in China after the Song dynasty and was introduced to Japan around the ninth year of the Xining era of the Northern Song dynasty(1076),and was republished in the Qianlong era of the Qing dynasty(1784)with a preface by Japanese monk Zhi Hui.This manuscript is of important value for collating the sutras recorded in 卍 New Sequel of the Tripitaka.