社会主义正义和劳动收入权

Socialist Justice and the Right to the Labor Product

马克思在讨论那些谴责资本主义未能履行“公正”或“公平”交换原则的社会主义者时,提出了正义问题。他对这些原则的抨击嵌入了对经济理论的更广泛的批判,并延续到了政治领域。第一节描述了李嘉图社会主义的经济和政治理论以及这些理论的实际成果——劳动货币体制。马克思批判李嘉图社会主义者的经济政策,因为它只关心交换,忽视了生产组织。在马克思看来,李嘉图社会主义者的正义观念犯了同样的错误。第二部分论证马克思拒绝诉诸于正义,因为他认为普遍存在的正义观念使人们的注意力远离了资本主义生产基础上的真正不平等。在第三部分讨论了马克思财产理论中十足劳动收入权的地位,并将其与“对影响你的事情有发言权”的民主原则进行了对比。最后,作者将马克思的社会主义正义观与更正统的经济正义问题进行了对比。

Marx takes up the problem of justice in discussing those socialists who condemned capitalism for failing to live up to the principles of“just”or“equitable”exchange.His attack on these principles is embedded in a broader critique of the economic theory that animated these alternate socialist visions,and his criticisms of that theory carry over to the political realm.Section I describes the economic and political theories of Ricardian Socialism and the practical fruit of these theories—the labor money scheme.Marx attacked the Ricardian Socialists’economic policy because it was concerned solely with exchange and overlooked the organization of production.In Marx s view,the Ricardian Socialists conception of justice committed much the same error.I argue in the second section that Marx rejected appeals to justice,because he believed that the prevalent conceptions of justice drew attention away from the real inequalities that lay at the basis of capitalist production.In section III,it is discussed the status of the right to the full product of labor in Marx s theory of property,contrasting it with the democratic principle of having a say over what affects you.Finally,it is contrasted Marx s conception of socialist justice with more orthodox approaches to the problem of economic justice.