社会病理分析的价值基础——以霍耐特社会法理论为中心

The Value Foundation of Social Pathological Analysis:A View from Honneth s Social Law Theory

从早期的社会病理研究中,霍耐特获得了建构当代社会价值基础的启发,他把社会哲学的基准定位在社会的病理分析上,并且引入了作为反思和批判的道德语法,着重强调了社会认同的斗争过程。霍耐特力图建构起和早期批判理论不同的当代批判理论,这个理论首先要具有符合当代语境的现实性,其次还必须具有为社会做出诊断的批判性,最后在理论规范化上还要有完整的逻辑自洽性。为此,霍耐特完成了社会病理分析的三个步骤,首先是从福柯的权力批判入手揭示出实现道德语法建构的必要性,其次是就具体的秩序紊乱和社会病症做出系统的揭示,最后在前面两个步骤的基础上总结出产生社会病理的工具理性,并由此设想健康的生活世界所应当具有的价值原则。

From his early social pathological study,Honneth has been aspired to construct a modern social ethical theory,which is totally based upon the social pathological analysis,and then to introduce a moral grammar as reflection and critique,emphasizing the struggle for the social recognition process.Honneth tries to construct a critical theory which is different with the early one,by so doing to make it fit for the contemporary social condition,wherein to continue the role of critical theory as a diagnosing of social pathology,and still hold its value of critique,meanwhile keep its consistent logical nature.In order to finish such a goal,Honneth has made three steps,firstly,he begins his critique of powers against Foucault to show its necessity of realizing the moral grammar,and then to discover the concrete disorder and social pathology,finally,he concludes that they are all caused by the instrumental rationality,based upon this analysis,he tries to set a value principle for the modern healthy life world.