正义的构织:论当代程序主义的限度

The Fabric of Justice——On the Limits of Contemporary Proceduralism

这篇文章首先表明了,正义的内在构织并不包含可分配的善,而是来自于受到普遍接受的社会关系,这些社会关系是由得到道德负载的各种实践活动构成的;在所关注的这些实践活动中,我们就可以定义,以公平或正义的方式对待他人意味着什么。如果这个出发点能够得到确证,那么,本文就可以得出有关正义概念的某些方法上的结论,这体现在本文的第二部分:我们并不是先建构一个规范程序,再演绎出正义的内容的;相反,我们是从重构社会实践活动开始,再获得关于正义诸方面的信息的。因此,就像本文第三部分暗示的,最后我们将得出有关正义概念的多元论。日常存在着多少被我们接受和领会的社会关系,那么这种多元论就会涵盖着多少相关的正义原则。

The article tries,in the first step,to show that the intrinsic fabric of justice doesn`t consist of distributable goods,but of commonly accepted social relations which are composed of morally loaded practices;in these practices those regards can be found which define what it means to treat another person in a fair or just manner.If this starting point is convincing,then some methodological consequences concerning the concept of justice have to be drawn which are presented in the second step:Instead of constructing a normative procedure which allows us to deduce the content of justice,we have to start by reconstructing the social practices which inform us about the respects of justice.The result will be,as indicated in a third step,a pluralisation of our concept of justice which includes as many relevant principles of justice as there are commonly accepted and appreciated forms of social relations.