构式“这一X不要紧,Y”:X语义允准条件、构式表意机制和语用功能

The Construction of“zhe yi(这一)X buyaojin(不要紧),Y”:Semantic Licensing Conditions of X,Semantic Mechanisms and Pragmatic Functions of the Construction

有关“这一X不要紧,Y”构式的研究较少,研究的焦点包括X的语法语义特征、构式的表意机制以及语用功能。然而,已有研究存在三个方面的缺陷:(1)没有深入研究X的语义允准条件;(2)认为“这一X不要紧”的假性否定构式义是Y驱动其语义重新分析而产生的,但是,这种论断缺乏实证依据;(3)对语用功能的解释也存在问题。我们通过详细分析并基于实证数据,认为X的语义允准条件是X必须具有“行为”或“变化”的语义特征;“这一X不要紧”的假性否定构式义主要是在语境支撑下构式压制的结果,而不是Y诱发语义重新分析的结果;这一构式的核心语用功能只是强调原因、凸显反预期结果,别无其他。

Research on the construction of“zhe yi(这一)X buyaojin(不要紧),Y”is limited,and its focuses include grammatical and semantic features of X,semantic mechanisms and pragmatic functions of the construction.However,it is flawed in three aspects:(1)it has not delved into semantic licensing conditions of X;(2)its claim is not experimentally-based that the constructional meaning of pseudo-negation expressed by“zhe yi(这一)X buyaojin”(不要紧)results from its semantic re-analysis driven by Y;(3)its explanation of pragmatic functions of the construction is also problematic.Based on detailed analyses and experimental data,we argue that semantic licensing conditions of X require that X take on the semantic feature of“action”or“change”,that the constructional meaning of pseudo-negation expressed by“zhe yi(这一)X buyaojin(不要紧)”results mainly not from its semantic re-analysis driven by Y,but from a construction coercion supported by contexts,and that the key pragmatic functions of the construction are nothing but to emphasize the cause and highlight the counter-expectation in the effect.