基于智能建造的快速全装配大跨度预应力空间钢结构体系创新研究展望

Prospect and Innovation Researchon Large-span Prestressed Spatial Steel Structure With Rapid Assembly Based on Smart Construction

我国传统建筑业正在向工业化、绿色化、信息化转型,同时,防疫救灾对大空间结构快速建造提出迫切要求,创新研究现场整体快速装配的空间钢结构体系是建筑行业的重大需求.传统非装配式现场焊接空间钢结构体系存在建设周期长、施工污染环境等问题;已有装配式网格结构、网壳结构承载力低,难以实现大跨度.作者对索穹顶结构、弦支穹顶结构、张弦桁架结构及索网结构等半装配式整体张拉结构从形态分析、力学性能研究、施工成形分析及模型试验研究等方面总结了该类结构优势及存在问题.基于工业4.0智能建造和建筑工业化新理念,提出创新研发现场快速装配的大跨度预应力空间结构体系及其连接节点,在现场快速整体装配、整体张拉及智能建造等方面开展系统的理论与试验研究.提出了一种能够现场快速装配、整体张拉的大跨度预应力装配式脊杆环撑索穹顶结构体系和新型构造节点,通过节点破坏模式试验证明新型连接节点具有较高的转动刚度与极限承载力,其构造和性能满足构建大跨度快速全装配式脊杆环撑索穹顶结构需求.

The traditional construction industry is transforming toward industrialization,greenness and informatization,whilst the rapid construction of large space structure is urgently required by epidemic prevention and disaster relief.So it is an important demand for the construction industry to develop spatial steel structure with rapidly integral assembly on site.The traditional non-assembly welded spatial steel structure has the problems of long construction period and environmental pollution.The prefabricated grid structure and prefabricated reticulated shell structure have low bearing capacity and it is difficult to achieve large span.Recent research achievements on prestressed spatial structure were comprehensively reviewed,including the morphological analysis,mechanical properties,construction simulation analysis and model test.Based on the new concept of industry 4.0 intelligent construction and building industrialization,developing large-span prestressed spatial structure with rapid assembly at construction site and their connection joints were proposed.Systematic theoretical and experimental research should be carried out considering rapidly integral assembly on site,integral tension and intelligent construction.A novel joint and a new spatial structure named large-span prefabricated ridge tube cable dome with annular struts that can be quickly assembled and integrally tensioned,was presented in this paper.The results obtained from the joint experiments show that the novel joint has higher rotational stiffness and ultimate bearing capacity,and its structure and performance can fulfill the requirements of constructing large-span prefabricated ridge tube cable dome with annular struts.