唐宋以降岭南妇女参与墟市买卖研究

A Study of Lingnan Women's Participation of Periodical Local Market Trading Activities during the Tang and Song Periods

妇女在传统社会经济中扮演的角色在不同历史时期和地理环境中不尽一致。岭南妇女至少从汉代就已参与墟市买卖。唐宋时期,岭南妇女趁墟贸易相当普遍,至明清时期已属常态。岭南妇女肩挑负贩于家庭与墟市之间,以家中余物换取生产生活必需品,形成了该区域独特的"贩妇"模式,这一现象与儒家倡导女性居家"女织"模式明显不同,凸显了岭南社会性别分工的独特性。妇女负贩趁墟凸显了岭南墟市的女性化倾向,也是对儒家推行"女主内"模式的反叛。但岭南妇女趁墟买卖主要是为了生计,并非真正意义上的行商坐贾。

Women’s roles in traditional societies were not the same in different periods and geographical areas.Women in Lingnan(岭南)area became involved in local periodical market trading activities in no later than the Han Dynasty.During the Tang and Song periods,Lingnan women’s involvement with market was quite common and it was carried out through the Ming and Qing periods.Lingnan women regularly took the leftovers of their household products to the market and brought back other necessities for living.This constitutes a unique"Woman Trader"phenomenon in that region,which is obviously different from the Confucian promoted role of women weaving at home and indicates the uniqueness of the gender role division in Lingnan.However,Lingnan women's trading activities in local market were mainly for their livelihood,rather than for business in real sense.