米沃什在中国的接受与形象变迁

Acceptance and Image Change of Czesław Miłosz in China

米沃什是波兰的伟大诗人,其人其作在中国诗歌界和思想界产生了深远的影响。随着改革开放以来时代语境的变迁,中国读者对米沃什的认识也在不断改变,诗人的形象也在不断转化。米沃什最初被中国读者界定为“政治诗人”,人们主要翻译和挖掘他作品中的现实主义思想,注重他作为弱小民族诗人所具有的反抗精神;但随着翻译的深入开展,人们从米沃什的作品中读出了更为丰富的内容,认为他是一个不属于社会主义阵营和资本主义阵营的诗人,他自始至终都在追求自我内心的真实和写作的自由;尤其是进入21世纪之后,米沃什诗歌内涵的丰富性和思想的深刻性被中国读者所津津乐道,诗人形象的多元化逐渐浮出水面,中国读者最终还原了他真实的诗人形象。

The great Polish poet Czesław Miłosz and his works have exerted a far-reaching influence on Chinese poetry and ideology.With the changing context of the times since the reform and opening up,Chinese readers’acceptance of him and perception of his image has been constantly changing.He was initially defined as a“political poet”,whose realist ideas in his works were mainly translated and excavated with importance attached to the spirit of resistance as a weak national poet.However,the in-depth translation of his works has revealed richer connotation and he was no longer regarded as a poet of either socialist or capitalist camp,but one in constant pursuit of self-inner truth and free writing.Especially,in the 21st century,the richness and profundity of his poetry have been appreciated by Chinese readers,which has gradually formed his diversified image.In a sense,his real image as a poet has been restored eventually by Chinese readers.