论制定法体系中判例的展开

On the Development of Precedents in the Statute Law System

判例是生效判决形成的先例。判例可以分为指导性案例和非指导性案例。判例对法院有事实上的拘束效力,这种拘束效力是借助于法院之间的审级制度来实现的,具体方式是,参照指导性案例,参考非指导性案例。判例可以通过制定法、新判例两种方式予以推翻。判例具有补充制定法、统一法律与个案正义和保障法的安定与法的可预判三大功能。

A legal precedent is a precedent found in effective judgements.Legal precedents can be divided into guiding cases and non-guiding cases.They have a de facto binding effect on the courts,which is achieved by means of the trial-level system between courts.The specific method is to refer to the guiding cases and consult the non-guiding cases.Legal precedents can be overturned by new statutes or new legal precedents.There are three functions of legal precedents:supplementing the statutes,harmonizing the law and the justice of individual cases,and promoting the stability and predictability of law.