粤东暴雨中心强降水的气候特征

On the Climatological Characteristics of Hard Rain Centers in Eastern Guangdong

基于粤东暴雨中心范围内1967—2019年国家气象观测站和2003—2019年区域气象监测站降水资料,利用气候倾向率等统计方法分析了粤东暴雨中心强降水气候特征。结果表明:(1)粤东暴雨中心年平均强降水日10.43 d,国家站统计强降水日数、雨日占比和雨量占比最大都为汕尾海丰,但24 h降水量极值出现在惠东高潭1056.7 mm。(2)强降水雨日和雨量月变化均呈双峰型,强降水主要集中在汛期,且前汛期和后汛期基本相当。(3)强降水日年变化呈增加趋势但变化不显著;21世纪起强降水日年际变化幅度明显增大,最多年和最少年均出现在21世纪。

Based on rainfall data from national meteorological observation stations from 1967 to 2019 and regional meteorological monitoring stations from 2003 to 2019 for three hard rain centers in eastern Guangdong,this work uses the statistical method of climate tendency rate to analyze the climatological characteristics of hard rain at these centers.The result is shown as follows.(1)For these hard rain centers,the annual mean number of hard rain days is 10.43 d and the maximum number of hard rain days and the largest percentages of rain days and rain amount are all in Haifeng,Shanwei but the maximum 24 h rain amount is in Gaotan,Huidong(1056.7 mm),according to the statistics from the national stations.(2)Monthly mean variations of the number of hard rain days and rain amount are both bimodal and the hard rain is concentrated in rainy seasons,with comparable amount in two annual periods(April through June and July through September).(3)Annual variations of hard rain day numbers tend to increase insignificantly.Ever since the beginning of the 21th century,however,they have been much larger in amplitude with the years with the most and least hard rain day numbers both in the new century.