生态系统服务视角下的工矿废弃地再开发模式及策略

Redevelopment mode and strategy of mining wasteland in an ecosystem service perspective

工矿废弃地再开发对于改善矿山环境、促进矿区经济转型具有重大意义,也是挖掘存量土地资源的重要渠道之一。由于工矿废弃地属于已损毁土地,选择何种模式进行再开发利用,对于矿区生态系统的改变起到决定性作用。为了保障工矿废弃地再开发,实现生态恢复、优化用地布局、人与自然和谐共生的愿景,本文将生态系统服务思维融入工矿废弃地再开发中,采用文献分析法、理论分析法、案例研究法等,构建生态系统服务视角下的工矿废弃地再开发内涵和框架,研究工矿废弃地再开发目标、模式及策略。主要结论如下:(1)工矿废弃地再开发应以提升社会-生态系统恢复力为最终目标;(2)遵循生态系统服务理论,提出了工矿废弃地再开发中供给服务优先、支持服务优先等5种开发模式,并认为多种服务协同是再开发的理想模式;(3)工矿废弃地再开发方向取决于生态系统服务间的权衡与协同关系。因此,生态系统服务视角下的工矿废弃地再开发,应以生态系统服务总价值的增加为基础,实现废弃地的综合整治,因地制宜选择合适的开发模式,实现社会-生态系统恢复力的提升,推动区域协调可持续发展。

The redevelopment of mining wasteland,as one of the effective ways to exploit stocking land,is important to the improvement of mining environment and the economic transformation of mining area.Given the destroyed nature of mining wasteland,the choice of redevelopment mode is crucial to ecological changes in the mining area.To ensure the redevelopment of mining wasteland,and realize the vision of ecological restoration,optimized layout of land use,and harmonious coexistence between human and nature,we constructed a theoretical framework for the redevelopment of mining wasteland with an ecosystem service perspective.Under this framework,the redevelopment target,model,and strategy were addressed by the methods of literature analysis,theoretical analysis,and case study.We concluded that:(1)The ultimate goal of mining wasteland’s redevelopment should be the improvement of social-ecosystem resilience;(2)Five redevelopment modes,including supply-service-oriented mode and support-service-priority mode,are proposed following the theory of ecosystem services,with the multi-service synergy mode as the ideal one for redevelopment;(3)The direction of the redevelopment of mining wasteland depends on the trade-off and synergy among ecosystem services.In conclusion,from the perspective of ecosystem services,the redevelopment of mining wasteland should take a comprehensive measure for remediation and choose appropriate development mode suitable for specific site,with the goal of increasing total value of ecosystem services,improving social-ecosystem resilience,and promoting regional coordination and sustainable development.