租赁自行车用户出行特征及方式的影响因素分析

Analysis on travel characteristics of bike-sharing users and influence factors on way to travel

针对我国市面上2种主流租赁自行车(公共自行车与共享单车),以南京市为例,基于共享单车骑行数据、公共自行车智能卡数据和租赁自行车用户问卷调查数据,对比2种租赁自行车用户在出行特征及其影响因素方面的差异.从骑行距离、车辆使用频率与时间分布等方面揭示租赁自行车用户的出行特征差异;构建二元Logistic模型,从用户个人属性和主观感知2个层面探究影响租赁自行车用户出行方式选择的显著性因素.结果表明:相较于公共自行车,共享单车的平均骑行距离和骑行时间更短,但小时使用量更高;2种租赁自行车在工作日均呈现出明显的早晚高峰时段,且使用量均远高于周末.退休人员、企业职员和电动自行车拥有者更倾向于使用公共自行车;高收入群体、对互联网技术以及在线支付服务高度敏感的人则更倾向于使用共享单车.

The bike-sharing systems operated in China can be divided into two categories:docked bike-sharing and dockless bike-sharing.The travel patterns and its determinants of docked and dockless bike-sharing users was compared by using the multi-source data,including trip data of a dockless bike-sharing scheme,smart card data of a docked bike-sharing scheme,and survey data of bike-sharing users in Nanjing.Firstly,the difference in travel characteristics of docked and dockless bike-sharing users were compared,such as travel distance,usage frequency and temporal travel patterns.Secondly,the binary Logistic regression model was built to explore the significant factors that influenced the choice of way to travel from two aspects:the user's personal attribute and subjective perception.Results show that dockless bike-sharing systems have shorter average travel distance and travel time but higher hourly usage volume,compared to docked bike-sharing systems.Trips of docked and dockless bike-sharing generated on workdays are more frequent than those on weekends,especially during the morning and evening rush hours.As to the factors that influence users’choice on way to travel,results show that retirees,enterprise staff and users with E-bikes are less likely to use docked sharing-bikes than dockless sharing-bikes;both high-income travelers and people who are highly sensitive to discounts,internet technology and online payment service are more likely to use the dockless bike-sharing.