社会组织参与乡村社会治理的合法性获取策略研究

A Study on the Legal Acquisition Strategies of Social Organizations’Participation in Rural Social Governance

在社会治理背景下,社会组织作为政府重要的伙伴是参与乡村建设的重要力量,但新进入乡村的社会组织要嵌入地方权力与社会结构并有效发挥影响需要获得合法性认同。从合法性视角出发对社会组织参与乡村社会治理的典型案例进行细致考察,研究发现:社会组织在参与乡村社会治理过程中面临的合法性挑战主要有规制合法性、认知合法性、规范合法性,以认知合法性获取最为重要也难度最大。社会组织需要综合采取适应型策略、选择型策略、操控型策略来获取合法性认同,未来合法性获取仍面临制度和能力挑战。因此,政府要从主体价值认可的角度给予社会组织合法性获取更多的支持,社会组织则要将合法性获取策略和治理行动策略有机结合,重塑行动路径。

In the context of social governance,as important government partners,social organizations are important forces involved in rural construction.However,the newly involved social organizations need to obtain legal approval to embed local power and social structure and exert their influence effectively.From the perspective of legitimacy,a detailed examination of typical cases of social organizations participating in rural social governance reveals that the main legitimacy challenges that social organizations face in participating in rural social governance are regulatory legitimacy,cognitive legitimacy,and legal legitimacy,and the acquisition of cognitive legitimacy is the most important and the most difficult.Social organizations need to adopt adaptive strategies,selective strategies,and manipulative strategies to obtain legal identity.In the future,legal legitimacy will still face institutional and capacity challenges.Therefore,the government must give more support to the legitimacy of social organizations from the perspective of subjective value recognition,and social organizations must organically combine legitimacy acquisition strategies and governance action strategies to reshape the path of action.