家校合作的困境与突破——基于结构化理论的视角

The Dilemma and Breakthrough of Family-School Cooperation—Based on the Perspective of Structuration Theory

家校合作是优化学校育人环境、提高基础教育质量的重要举措之一,构建现代化的学校教育制度不仅要优化学校自身的制度体系,还应积极引导家庭参与学校教育。基于吉登斯的结构化理论,从“结构—行动”层面可将家校合作看作一个双向互构的过程,学校仪式达成家校合作共识,学校规则形塑家校合作细节,家庭资源置换家校合作权力,家长能动攫取家校合作利益。在此基础上,文章提出推进我国家校合作长远发展的路径:从“结构—行动”互构的立场出发,探究家校合作研究新视角;强化家校合作仪式活动的育人价值;从合作转向家校协作,为家校合作提供多种路径。

Family-school cooperation is an important measure to optimize the school’s educational environment and improve the quality of basic education.Building a modern school education system should not only optimize the school’s own system,but also offer guidance for families to actively participate in school education.Based on Giddens’s structuration theory,family-school cooperation can be viewed as a two-way process of mutual construction from the“structure-action”level;school ceremonies help reach a consensus on the cooperation between families and schools;school rules can shape the details of family-school cooperation;family resources can replace the power of home-school cooperation;and parents can reap the benefits from home-school cooperation.According to this theory,this paper has proposed the following path for the long-term development of family--school cooperation in China:exploring a new perspective of family-school cooperation research from the standpoint of“structure-action”mutual construction;strengthening the value of moral education from the ritual activities of family-school cooperation;and changing from family-school cooperation to family-school partnership,and providing a variety of ways for family-school cooperation.