基于异构载体的海产品暂养水的协同处理

Cooperative treatment of temporary aquaculture water of seafood based on heterogeneous carriers

针对海产品暂养水盐度高、低温环境下靶向菌难驯化、难富集等问题,构建了微生物驯化富集装置,采用玉米芯作为异构载体与碳源,在低温条件下,通过检测水质与微生物群落结构等指标,探究了海产品暂养水对优势菌种演替的推动作用以及微生物群落结构与异构载体的相关性,并对污染物降解与水处理效果进行了分析评价。结果表明:在低温条件下,海产品暂养水对微生物的驯化富集效果较佳;以属水平为例,经过驯化富集培养的菌液主要以假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)为主,同时异构碳源的构造也对微生物的生长起到一定的促进作用;挂膜后的异构碳源对高盐暂养水的处理效果较佳,脱氮率达到(73.46±0.55)%,除磷率为(40.03±0.55)%,除沫率为(82.14±0.23)%。该装置在投入靶向菌与异构碳源后,提高了对高盐暂养水的处理能力;同时,玉米芯作为碳源供给,其缓释效果能够克服能量的过释并减少能耗,保证微生物的存活与运行。研究探讨了微生物与异构载体协同处理高盐暂养水的效果及其耦合效应,为高盐暂养水处理技术的创新与农用废弃物的回收利用提供了参考。

Aiming at the problems of difficult acclimation and enrichment of target bacteria at high salinity and low temperature environment for temporary water of seafood based,a microbial domestication and enrichment device was constructed with corn cob as the heterogeneous carrier and carbon source.Through detecting water quality and microbial community structure,the promotion of the dominant bacteria succession by temporary aquaculture water of seafood and the correlation between microbial community structure and heterogeneous carrier were investigated.The effects of pollutants degradation and water treatment were also analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that the acclimation and enrichment of microorganisms in salt-rich temporary aquaculture water of seafood were better at low temperature.Taking generic level as an example,the acclimated and enriched bacterial liquids mainly consisted of Pseudomonas,Bacteroides and Aeromonas,and the structure of heterogeneous carbon source also promoted the growth of microorganisms.The heterogeneous carbon source after biofilm-hanging had a good performance on the high-salt temporary aquaculture water treatment,the denitrification rate,the phosphorus removal rate and the foam removal rate reached(73.46+0.55)%,(40.03+0.55)% and(82.14+0.23)%,respectively.The device improves its treatment ability of high-salt temporary aquaculture water by introducing targeted bacteria and heterogeneous carbon sources.Meanwhile,as a carbon source,corn cob could overcome energy over-release and reduce energy consumption,and ensure the survival and operation of microorganisms.The synergistic effect and coupling effect of microorganisms and heterogeneous carriers in high salinity temporary aquaculture water treatment were studied and discussed,which provided the corresponding reference for the innovation of high salinity temporary aquaculture water treatment technology and the recovery and utilization of agricultural wastes.